Materials List:
Kidney Stone Crystallization
https://www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/uoh_crystals_lesson01_activity2
Each group needs:
- 1 20-ml scintillation vial with a polypropylene screw cap (such as case of 500 vials for $164 at amazon.com; reusable)
- microscope slide (such as large plain economy 3 x 2-inch slides, $25.90 for pack of 144 at tedpella.com; one slide makes 10 smaller square slides)
- stir plate
- stir bar, 5 mm length (such as a pack of 10 for $50.70 at sigmaaldrich.com; reusable)
- Calcium Oxalate Worksheet, one per student
- COM Procedure Handout, one per group (only necessary if enough time is available for students to make the calcium oxalate crystals instead of the teacher making them; see the Procedure section for details)
To share with the entire class:
- microscopes with 40x optical lenses (borrow from biology lab or $85 each at amscope.com), ideally about 12 per class so students can rotate through 12 different crystal slides; may need fewer or more, depending on the number of crystal slides grown and how you run the class
- 20 plastic coverslips (such as 100-pack for $6.85 at tedpella.com)
- diamond glass cutter or file, to cut glass slides (such as one for $3.50 at lowes.com)
- 1 bottle NaCl (such as 25 gram bottle for $30 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle calcium chloride dihydrate (such as 25 grams for $36.40 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle sodium oxalate (such as 100 grams for $43.30 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 3 gallons deionized water (this is enough for 10 ml per group making crystals and 1 liter for each of the 8 stock solutions; you may not need this much)
- 1 bottle acetone (such as 1 liter for $59.50 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 2 boxes kimwipes
- 2-3 tweezers
- 1 bottle bovine serum albumin (such as 1 gram for $43.20 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle transferrin (such as 100 mg for $86 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle sodium citrate dihydrate (such as 5 grams for $30.50 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle chondroitin sulfate A (such as 5 grams for $57.20 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 bottle dimethyl hydroxyglutaric acid (such as 5 grams for $80.80 at sigmaaldrich.com)
- oven/incubator, capable of 60 °C (140 °F)
- scale, capable of measuring mg quantities
- 2 scoopula spatulas
- 1000-μL pipette
- 1 box of weigh paper
- 1 1000-ml round-bottom flask
- 1 25-ml round-bottom flask
- 2 1000-ml jars
- 5 25-ml jars
- petri dishes, one for each glass slide of crystals (such as a case of 500 60-mm diameter dishes for $70 at http://www.sks-science.com/)
- permanent markers
- (optional) cell phones or iPads, to take photographs of the crystals by holding the phone or iPad camera to the microscope eyepiece, so you can measure the crystals using PowerPoint®
Supplies note: These bottles of chemicals will last for many years and are enough for 200 or more groups.